Audio Guide of Kyoto Temples: Nison-in Temple Edition

Tenbu（Heavenly Beings）

Tenbu (also known as Heavenly Beings) – Divine Protectors and Givers of Mundane Benefits

Tenbu are celestial beings that originated in Hindu and Vedic traditions but were later incorporated into Buddhism as guardian deities. Unlike Nyorai and Bosatsu, they have not necessarily attained enlightenment but are revered for their ability to grant worldly benefits such as prosperity, health, protection, and success to aid beings who cannot practice the Buddha’s teachings due to these worldly obstacles.
In Japanese temples, Tenbu are often positioned near entrance gates or alongside Buddha statues, symbolizing their role as protectors of the Dharma. Their blessings are not merely material, they serve as reminders of fundamental Buddhist principles, reinforcing the importance of ethical conduct, mindfulness, and generosity.

▶Representative Tenbu and their The Buddhist Foundations

Although Tenbu offer earthly rewards such as wealth, longevity, and victory, these benefits align with mindful Buddhist concepts:

•Bishamonten (also known as Vaiśravaṇa) – The Guardian of Wealth and Warriors

Grants material prosperity, to be used ethically with (dāna, the virtue of generosity). As a warrior deity, he represents inner strength, victory in battle symbolizes overcoming the internal battle of ego and attachment.

•Benzaiten (also known as Sarasvatī) – The Goddess of Music, Wisdom, and Prosperity

Associated with the arts and learning, emphasizing the Buddhist value of right speech and wisdom.

•Shitenno (also known as The Four Heavenly Kings) – The Four Guardians of the Buddhist World

Protect the Dharma from evil forces, illustrating the principle that spiritual discipline and vigilance are necessary to maintain inner purity.

In this way, the so-called "mundane benefits" of Tenbu are not simply about personal gain but reflect Buddhist teachings on wisdom, morality, and mindful action. They serve as an entry point for laypeople to engage with Buddhist practice, eventually leading them toward deeper spiritual understanding.

【Highlights of Nison-in Temple】

1.History of Hōgon-in

Welcome to Hogon-in. We are one of the 'Tatchu' temples belonging to Tenryu-ji, the head temple of the Rinzai Zen sect. By the way, a 'Tatchu' is a smaller temple built to support and protect the main head temple.
Let’s begin with a look at our history. Hogon-in was founded over 560 years ago, in 1461. It was established by Hosokawa Yoriyuki, a high-ranking official of the Muromachi Shogunate and a man of great culture, who invited a renowned priest to lead the temple.
However, Hogon-in was not always located here. Originally situated elsewhere, the temple was tragically destroyed by fire during a major war. After many long years, it was finally moved to this current location in 2002—actually, quite a recent chapter in our long history.
In the past, another temple named Myochi-in stood on this very ground, but it too was lost to fire during the unrest at the end of the Edo period. Later, the land became the villa of a prominent businessman, and the gardens were beautifully landscaped. As time passed, this site was restored as a place where Buddhist teachings could flourish once again, becoming the Hogon-in you see today. The sacred history of our main deity and the beauty of this garden have come together to create this peaceful sanctuary.
Now, let us begin our journey through the highlights of Hogon-in.

2.Sanmon Gate

First, let us take a look at the Sanmon gate here at the entrance. Doesn’t it feel a bit different from a typical temple gate? There is something warm and gentle about its atmosphere, don't you think? In fact, this structure was not originally built as a temple gate.
It was constructed about 100 years ago, back when this site was used as a private villa for a prominent businessman. At that time, it was built as a 'Kayabuki Nagayamon'—a traditional long gate with a thatched roof. A 'Nagayamon' is a unique style of gate, featuring living quarters and storage spaces built into both sides. In other words, this was much more than just an entrance; it was a multifunctional building that served as a residence for guards and a place for storage.
Today, it serves as the main gate of Hogon-in, quietly welcoming everyone who visits. The soft curves of the thatched roof and its peaceful presence still carry the elegant charm of its days as a private villa. Once you have taken a look at the gate, please proceed straight ahead to Stop 3, where we will introduce the garden.

3.Strolling Garden

The name of this garden, 'Shishiku,' refers to the Buddha’s sacred teachings. One of its true charms is how the scenery unfolds and changes with every step you take. Now, to your left, you will see a 'Karesansui' garden. The path of small rounded stones represents the 'Sea of Suffering,' but look closely—do you see the stone shaped like a boat? This is the 'Funa-ishi.' It is as if a boat has been quietly provided for those who cannot cross the difficult sea on their own. This single stone carries the deeply compassionate heart of the Buddha.

Now, please continue along the path.
On your left, you will see a pine tree known as the Welcoming Pine.
Pine trees remain green even in winter, and are symbols of longevity and prosperity.
Planting pine trees in temple grounds reflects a wish that the temple may flourish for generations,
and that all who visit may be blessed with health and long life.
After enjoying the garden, please proceed straight ahead. Next, we will guide you to Stop 4, the Main Hall.

4.Main Hall

This is the Main Hall, built in 2008.
The plaque displayed at the front features the name 'Hogon,' inscribed in powerful and striking calligraphy. Please, immerse yourself in the deep stillness of this hall.
Inside the hall, the principal image, the Eleven-Headed Kannon Bodhisattva, is enshrined.
On either side, you will see thirty-three statues of Kannon, gently watching over all who come to pray.
And there is one more figure.
A statue of Jizō Bodhisattva,said to have been revered by the former shogun Ashikaga Takauji, founder of the Muromachi shogunate.
As you stand in the quiet of this historic hall, Take a moment to feel the sacred and solemn air of this place, where the Jizo Bodhisattva once deeply revered by the shogun is enshrined.
To enter the Main Hall, a special admission ticket is required. If you do not yet have one, please obtain it at the entrance to the Main Hall.

5.Principal Image: Eleven-Headed Kannon Bodhisattva

Now, let us introduce the principal image enshrined in the inner sanctuary of the Main Hall— the Eleven-Headed Kannon Bodhisattva.
Please, find a quiet place to sit where you can look upon Kannon’s face clearly. If you look closely at the face of Kannon, you will notice eleven faces arranged upon the head.
The ten faces facing in different directions represent the ten stages of learning the Buddha’s teachings and refining one’s mind.
The single face at the very top, known as the “Buddha face,” represents ultimate enlightenment— the awakened state of a Buddha.
Together, these eleven faces symbolize the deep compassion of Kannon, guiding all people by cutting away the eleven earthly desires that give rise to suffering and illusion.
Now, please also take a moment to look at Kannon’s hands.
In the right hand, Kannon holds a staff, and in the left, a lotus flower.
The staff held in the right hand is a symbol of gentleness and mindfulness, representing the care taken not to step on even the smallest of living creatures while walking. Please, enjoy this peaceful moment of connection with Kannon.
On either side of the principal image, you will find thirty-three statues of Kannon.
It is said that by offering prayers here, you receive the same spiritual benefit as visiting the thirty-three sacred sites of the Saigoku pilgrimage.
Kannon is believed to take on thirty-three different forms, appearing in ways suited to those in need.
For example, the stern-looking Yōryū Kannon, who cuts through delusion, or the serene Suigetsu Kannon, gazing quietly at the moon— each form guides people in its own way.
Now, with gratitude and a heartfelt wish, let us chant the sacred mantra of the Eleven-Headed Kannon Bodhisattva three times:
On makya ro ni kya sowaka.
Please take a quiet moment
to be present with Kannon.

6.Jizō Bodhisattva Statue

Next, slightly set back to the left, you will find the statue of Jizō Bodhisattva.
Please take a moment to observe its form slowly on your smartphone screen.
According to temple tradition, this statue is said to have been revered by Ashikaga Takauji.
The name 'Jizo' carries a profound meaning: 'the Earth' and 'the Womb.' Just as the earth embraces and nurtures all life, Jizo Bodhisattva reaches out to those who are suffering. Even amidst the turmoil of battle, Takauji is believed to have kept him close to his heart as a constant source of devotion and prayer.
When you are burdened with suffering or anxiety, Jizō Bodhisattva quietly stays by your side.
Please bring your hands together in prayer, and take a moment to face this compassionate presence in stillness.

7.Sliding Door Paintings

Finally, as we conclude the introduction to the Main Hall, please turn your attention to the vivid paintings across the sliding doors.
These works were created by the contemporary Western-style painter Noriko Tamura.
The piece is titled “Fūga, Sansan, Jizai,”and extends across fifty-eight sliding door panels.
Tamura traveled along the Silk Road— through regions such as India, China, and Central Asia, where Buddhism once spread eastward.
Through her encounters with diverse cultures and landscapes, she developed a unique style that blends stillness with an inner strength.

You can see this vividly in the deep oranges and especially her vibrant signature color, known as 'Tamura Red.' Another feature of this work is the passage of time depicted from front to back— morning, afternoon,and night.
As time flows, the quality of light shifts, and the tones of red subtly deepen and fade.
These delicate gradations are one of the artist’s defining touches.
Across the panels, you will see thirty-three figures—In fact, these paintings are inspired by the thirty-three Kannon statues that stand on either side of the principal image you saw earlier.
Kannon is said to take on thirty-three forms to save all beings, and here, Tamura has reinterpreted that teaching through a vivid, contemporary artistic expression.
This space creates a beautiful collaboration where the traditional and the contemporary quietly resonate together.
If you look closely at the door pulls, you will find motifs of animals—please take a moment to enjoy these delightful details.

8.Various Stones

As you walk through the garden, you may find your eyes drawn to the many uniquely shaped stones and the trees that reflect the changing seasons.
Here, each element of nature carries its own meaning and story.
First, to your right, you will see a large stone known as Hekigan.
It is said that this stone once formed part of the surrounding mountains or riverbeds, and arrived here over a long passage of time.
In fact, this rock was formed around 200 million years ago, when microorganisms were tightly compressed under immense water pressure. And this stone is not only ancient.
On the Mohs scale of hardness, where diamond is rated at 10, this stone measures 7.
It is remarkably tough— resistant even to scratches from fingernails or knives.
It has even become a hidden favorite among power-stone enthusiasts. Next, you will come across a stone called Shishigan, or the Lion Stone.
It is named for its shape, which resembles a lion lifting its head.
This Lion Stone stands within the garden known as Shishiku no Niwa.
This strolling garden, which incorporates the Arashiyama mountains as its backdrop, was created by the Zen monk Sakugen Shūryō.
Between the rocks, you will also notice a pine tree known as the Hagan no Matsu, growing from within the stone itself.
The sight of the stone and the tree living in harmony tells a beautiful story of the connection between nature and humanity.

9. Shoin (Study Hall)

Now, to your left, you will see the Shoin of Hōgon-in. Built in 1919, this building was once used as a private villa. While it is not open to visitors today, you can still appreciate its elegant and timeless presence from the outside. The Shoin is considered a valuable example that helped shape modern Sukiya architecture, a style that originally developed from tea houses and was refined by the tea master Sen no Rikyū.
Rather than lavish decoration, this style embraces the beauty of simplicity, leaving only what is truly essential. It reflects the aesthetic of wabi-sabi—finding deep meaning in quietness and restraint. Here, the space itself becomes an expression of hospitality, welcoming others through a subtle, understated calm. The word 'sukiya' carries the meaning of a 'space created for one's own taste,' a place to enjoy refined cultural practices like tea, flower arrangement, and poetry. As you look upon the Shoin, imagine the quiet, creative spirit that has been preserved here for over a century.

10.Points to Notice in the Garden

As you walk along, do you hear a soft 'kakon' sound echoing from somewhere? That is a shishi-odoshi, a traditional Japanese device. Water fills a bamboo tube, which then tilts and strikes a stone. While it was originally designed to gently drive away animals, here at Hōgon-in, it is an instrument of mindfulness. The sound creates a moment of movement within the stillness, making the 'value of silence' even more profound.

Together with the gentle murmur of the stream, take a moment to feel the quiet flow of time.
As you continue, you will find the Zazen-seki, or meditation stone, to the right of the bridge.
It is said that Zen monks once practiced seated meditation upon this moss-covered stone.
Please pause here for a moment, and take a slow, deep breath. Let the ancient stillness of this place settle within you.

Further along, you will notice the Minogaki fence. Woven from black bamboo and bush clover, it has a simple, handcrafted warmth.
It acts as a 'soft boundary'—enclosing the space while remaining open, quietly supporting the harmony of this sacred garden.

11.Tea House

Finally, to your left, you will see the tea house. This building, like the Sanmon gate and the Shoin, was constructed about one hundred years ago. Its thatched roof gives the structure a simple and gentle presence that quietly blends into the garden. As you look to the left side, you will notice a window of a slightly unusual design called a 'shitajimado.' Here, part of the earthen wall is intentionally left unfinished, revealing the bamboo framework beneath. It is a beautiful example of finding beauty in the unfinished an idea first introduced by the tea master Sen no Rikyū. In this tea house, you can still sense traces of Rikyū’s refined aesthetic, gently preserved within the space. Take a moment to feel the slow passage of time and the peaceful atmosphere passed down through generations.

12.Tea House

Finally, to your left, you will see the tea house. This building, like the Sanmon gate and the Shoin, was constructed about one hundred years ago. Its thatched roof gives the structure a simple and gentle presence that quietly blends into the garden. As you look to the left side, you will notice a window of a slightly unusual design called a 'shitajimado.' Here, part of the earthen wall is intentionally left unfinished, revealing the bamboo framework beneath. It is a beautiful example of finding beauty in the unfinished an idea first introduced by the tea master Sen no Rikyū. In this tea house, you can still sense traces of Rikyū’s refined aesthetic, gently preserved within the space. Take a moment to feel the slow passage of time and the peaceful atmosphere passed down through generations.

13.Tea House

Finally, to your left, you will see the tea house. This building, like the Sanmon gate and the Shoin, was constructed about one hundred years ago. Its thatched roof gives the structure a simple and gentle presence that quietly blends into the garden. As you look to the left side, you will notice a window of a slightly unusual design called a 'shitajimado.' Here, part of the earthen wall is intentionally left unfinished, revealing the bamboo framework beneath. It is a beautiful example of finding beauty in the unfinished an idea first introduced by the tea master Sen no Rikyū. In this tea house, you can still sense traces of Rikyū’s refined aesthetic, gently preserved within the space. Take a moment to feel the slow passage of time and the peaceful atmosphere passed down through generations.

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